Valve replacement surgery is a vital medical procedure aimed at restoring proper heart function and improving the quality of life for individuals with heart valve disease. Heart valves play a crucial role in regulating blood flow within the heart, and when they become damaged or diseased, valve replacement surgery may be necessary to restore normal heart function.
Mitral valve regurgitation: leakage of blood backward through the mitral valve.
Pulmonary valve stenosis or regurgitation: issues with the pulmonary valve.
Shortness of breath Chest pain or discomfort Fatigue Dizziness or fainting spells Swelling in the legs or abdomen Reduced exercise tolerance
Mechanical Valve Replacement: Mechanical valves are made of durable materials such as titanium or carbon and are designed to last a lifetime. They require lifelong blood-thinning medication (anticoagulants) to prevent blood clots.
Biological Valve Replacement: Biological valves are made from animal tissue (such as pig or cow valves) or human donor tissue. While they do not require lifelong blood-thinning medication, they have a limited lifespan and may need to be replaced in the future.
Preparation: The patient undergoes a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history review and diagnostic tests to assess heart function and determine the need for surgery.
Anesthesia: General anesthesia is administered to induce unconsciousness and ensure the patient feels no pain during the procedure.
Incision: A surgical incision is made in the chest to access the heart. The specific location and size of the incision may vary depending on the type of valve replacement and surgical approach.
Valve Replacement: The diseased valve is removed, and the new prosthetic valve is implanted and secured in its place.
Closure: After completing the valve replacement, the incision is closed with sutures or staples, and the patient is transferred to the recovery area.
Valve replacement surgery is a lifesaving procedure that offers hope and a second chance at life for individuals with severe heart valve disease. Whether mechanical or biological, valve replacement can significantly improve quality of life and extend lifespan for patients in need. If you or a loved one are facing heart valve disease requiring surgical intervention, it is essential to discuss the procedure, risks, and benefits with a qualified healthcare provider to make informed decisions about treatment options and recovery expectations.